Virtual Labs

a: Load bus voltage angles are large. b: Transmission line reactance’s are large compared to resistances. c: Shunt capacitance effects are neglected. d: Transformer tap settings are fixed.

Which of the following is true for the B’ and B’’ matrix in the FDPF method?

a: ∂Pᵢ/∂Vᵢ ≈ 0 and ∂Qᵢ/∂δᵢ ≈ 0. b: ∂Pᵢ/∂δᵢ ≈ 0 and ∂Qᵢ/∂Vᵢ ≈ 0. c: ∂Pᵢ/∂Vᵢ ≈ 0 and ∂Qᵢ/∂Vᵢ ≈ 0. d: ∂Pᵢ/∂δᵢ ≈ 0 and ∂Qᵢ/∂δᵢ ≈ 0.

In the FDPF method if N is the total number of buses, the B'' matrix size is:

a: (N-2)×(N-2) b: (N-1)×(N-2) c: (N-1)×(N-1) d: Data is not sufficient.

What is the main reason of FDPF to be faster than the NRPF method for a well-balanced system?

a: It does not require iteration. b: It avoids the formation and inversion of the Jacobian matrix in each iteration. c: It only calculates real power flow. d: It does not involve complex number arithmetic.

In context of FDPF method which statement is true?

a: In normal steady state operating conditions, the voltage magnitudes are approximately equal to 1.0. b: The transmission lines are mostly reactive in nature, the conductances are very small as compared to the susceptance Gᵢⱼ ≪ Bᵢⱼ . c: For normal steady state operating conditions the angle difference between two buses is very small, i.e., δᵢ - δⱼ ≈ 0 (within 5°-10°). d: All of the above.

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